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- <text id=91TT2289>
- <title>
- Oct. 14, 1991: The Dark Side of Halcion
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Oct. 14, 1991 Jodie Foster:A Director Is Born
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- MEDICINE, Page 65
- The Dark Side of Halcion
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Should millions of Americans be popping a sleeping pill banned
- in Britain for causing amnesia and depression?
- </p>
- <p> When Halcion was first approved for sale in the U.S. in 1982,
- doctors thought they had found the perfect sleeping pill. Like
- its chemical cousins Librium and Valium, it was safer than
- barbiturates. As an added bonus, Halcion did not linger in the
- body the way most of its predecessors did, and therefore it did
- not leave people groggy the next day. Within a few years, the
- drug, produced by Upjohn of Kalamazoo, Mich., became the most
- prescribed sleeping pill in the world. In 1990 American
- pharmacists filled more than 7 million orders. Satisfied
- customers include Secretary of State James Baker, who finds
- Halcion handy on long plane trips. "Time for a blue bomb," he
- sometimes announces before naps, referring to the color of a
- 0.25-mg Halcion pill.
- </p>
- <p> Like most drugs, however, Halcion has a dark side after
- all. In the mid-1980s, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- began receiving more and more reports of side effects from the
- drug--everything from amnesia to agitation. The increase
- could be explained by the rising number of people taking
- Halcion, but the drug got some bad publicity when a Utah woman
- killed her mother while on Halcion and sued the manufacturer.
- Upjohn settled the case out of court, all the while denying that
- the drug was to blame for the murder.
- </p>
- <p> Now Halcion is facing its most serious challenge yet. Last
- week the British Department of Health banned sales of the drug
- in Britain, citing new evidence that the pill "is associated
- with a much higher frequency of side effects, particularly
- memory loss and depression," than similar medications. Soon
- afterward, the FDA promised to take a much closer look at the
- drug.
- </p>
- <p> Already the British ban is proving just as controversial
- as the drug. Many researchers contend that the media have
- exaggerated Halcion's dangers. "This is sensationalism at its
- worst," says Dr. James Walsh, president of the American Sleep
- Disorders Association. "There is no scientific justification for
- this action." But at least a few scientists believe Halcion
- should be banned in the U.S. "It's clear that this is a
- dangerous drug," says Dr. Anthony Kales of the Pennsylvania
- State University College of Medicine.
- </p>
- <p> Halcion acts on the brain's limbic system, which plays a
- major role in the genesis of sleep and the emotions. Because it
- lasts in the body only a matter of hours, it can trigger a
- boomerang effect, unleashing the very anxiety it was meant to
- tame. Adverse reactions become more common the higher the dose.
- Doses of as much as 1.0 mg were once prescribed in Europe, but
- the recommended dose is now only 0.25 mg. In most cases where
- Halcion has allegedly been linked to violent behavior, the
- people took more than is deemed safe, had been drinking alcohol,
- or had been on the drug for a long period of time.
- </p>
- <p> Physicians cannot prevent patients from taking more
- tablets than instructed. But following all the publicity about
- the abuse of Valium in years past, doctors should be more alert
- to the dangers of overreliance on tranquilizers and sleeping
- pills. Even if the FDA does not find the evidence against
- Halcion strong enough to ban the drug, it should be used less
- cavalierly.
- </p>
- <p> By Christine Gorman. Reported by William Mader/London and
- Andrew Purvis/New York
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
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